Logical Reasoning Test - 5 - PDF Flipbook

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GATE
CSE

Logical
Reasoning

Test-05Solutions

LOGICAL REASONING
1. EV, JQ, OL?

a) TH
b) TG
c) FT
d) US
Answer: (b)
Solution:
E is fifth from beginning of the alphabet and V is fifth from the
end.
Similarly J is tenth from the beginning and Q is 10th from the
end and the same rule is followed in the other pairs of the series.
2. If it is possible to make a meaningful word with the third, the
fifth, the sixth and the eleventh letters of the word
MERCHANDISE, using each letter only once, which of the
following will be the third letter of that word? If no such word
can be formed, give 'X' as answer and if more than one such
word can be formed, mark 'T' as answer.
a) H
b) E
c) R
d) T
Answer: (d)

1

Solution:
Selected letters of the given word are R, H, A and E. By using
each letter only once we can make the following words:
(A) HEAR (B) HARE
3. A family consisting of eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H,
is sitting around a circular table. Among them four persons are
facing outside and four persons are facing the center.
(i) There are three married couples in the family. In any

couple both wife and husband face the same direction, i.e.
either towards the center or away from the center. Each
couple has at least one child. There are three generations in
the family.
(ii) B is sitting opposite his grandfather F, who is adjacent to
his daughter.
(iii) H is to the right of her husband, who is the eldest in the
family.
(iv) H's son and B are adjacent to D. Exactly one among D and
G is facing towards the center.
(v) H's daughter C is opposite G's daughter D, E the wife of G,
is facing towards center and is sitting opposite H.
(vi) Both granddaughter and grandson in the family are facing
either towards the center or away from the center.
How is B related to G?
a) Niece
b) Nephew

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c) Son
d) Daughter
Answer: (b)
Solution:
From the given information is known that F is the grandfather,
of B and H is the wife of F.
C is the daughter of H and F, and G is the son of the H and F.
D is the daughter of E and G, B is the son of C and A
The final relationship is as follows.

From the given information and the relations obtained above we
know that B and F, C and D, E and H are sitting in a position
opposite to each other. Hence A and G are sitting in a position
opposite to each other.
It is given that B is in a position opposite F and F is adjacent to
his daughter 'C' and H is to the right of F. D is sitting between G
and B. From the above information we have two possible cases.
Case (i): F is facing the center

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Case (ii): F is facing away from the center
In case (i) we have F and H, G and E are facing the center, as
couples are facing the same direction. The other four are facing
away from the center, as it is given that four are facing the
center and also it is satisfying the condition G and D are facing
different directions.
Case (i) is possible
In Case (ii) we have F and H are facing away from the center, G
and E are facing the center. We can say that D is facing away
from the center. As G and D are facing different directions, B is
also facing away from the center. The remaining two persons A
and C are facing the center, as it is given that four are facing the
center.
The possible final arrangement are as follows.

B is the nephew of G.
4. A family of eight persons has three married couples. Amelie is

the grandmother of Charles and is the mother-in-law of Flody.
Helen is the daughter of Bob, who is the brother of George.
Diana is the only child of George and is the mother of Charles.
Emma is the wife of Bob.

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How is George related to Helen?
a) Uncle
b) Father
c) Brother
d) Cousin
e) None of these
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Given that Helen is the daughter of Bob and Bob is the brother
of George. Also, Diana is the only child of George and is the
mother of Charles. Emma is the wife of Bob.

Also given that Amelie is the grandmother of Charles and is the
mother-in-law of Floyd. Floyd should be the husband of Diana
and Amelie should be the wife of George.

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George is the uncle of Helen.
5. Fact 1: Humans are mammals.

Fact 2: Some humans are engineers.
Fact 3: Engineers build houses
If the above statements are facts, which of the following can be
logically inferred?
I. All mammals build houses.
II. Engineers are mammals.
III. Some humans are not engineers.
a) II only
b) III only
c) I, II and III
d) I only
Answer: (b)
Solution:
From given facts, the following Venn diagram is possible.
H = humans

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M = Mammals
E = Engineers
BH = Build houses
∴ From above diagram, statement III is true.

6. Direction: Two statements I and II are given. These statements
may be either independent causes or may be effects of
independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements
may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the
statements and decide which of the following answer choice
correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer:
I. It is the aim of the city's civic authority to get the air pollution
reduced by 20% in the next two months.
II. The number of asthma cases in the city is constantly
increasing.
a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
b) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes
d) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
e) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common
cause

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Answer: (b)
Solution:
The increase in number of asthma cases must have alerted the
authorities to take action to control air pollution that triggers the
disease.
7. Statements: T $ G, K @ P, M # T, P + M
Conclusions:
I. K @ T
II. G $ P
a) Only conclusion I true
b) Only conclusion II true
c) Either I and II are true
d) Neither I and II are true
Answer: (d)
Solution:
T = G, K > P, M < T, P Š M neither nor follows
8. Ananth takes 6 hours and Bharath takes 4 hours to read a book.
Both started reading copies of the book at the same time. After
how many hours is the number of pages to be read by Ananth,
twice that to be read by Bharath? Assume Ananth and Bharath
read all the pages with constant pace.
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

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Answer: (c)

Solution:

Ananth takes 6 hours to read a book

Bharath takes 4 hours to read a book

L.C.M = 12

The number of pages read by Ananth and Bharath must be 12

(or)

Multiple of 12 only.

If Ananth read 12 number of pages in 6 hrs

∴ 1 hr = 12 = 2 pages
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If Bharath read 12 number of pages in 4 hrs

∴ 1 hr = 12 = 3 pages
3

Option ‘a’

∴ it is not
Option ‘b’

∴ it is not

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Option ‘c’

∴ after 3 hours is the number of pages to be read by Ananth,
twice that to be read by Bharath.

9. If in a certain code, TWENTY is written as 863985 and
ELEVEN is written as 323039, how is TWELVE written in that
code?
a) 863203
b) 863584
c) 863903
d) 863063
Answer: (a)
Solution:
The alphabets are coded as shown:
T WE N Y L V
8639520
So, In TWELVE,
T is coded as 8,
W as 6,
E as 3,
L as 2,
V as 0
Thus, the code for TWELVE is 863203.

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10. Two positions of a block are shown below. When 2 is at the
bottom, which number will be at the top?

a) 1
b) 4
c) 6
d) Cannot be determined
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Number 3 is common to the two positions of the block. We
assume the block in fig. (ii) to be rotated so that 3 appears at the
same position as in fig. (i) i.e. on RHS face (i.e. on face II as per
activity 1) and the numbers 5 and 2 move to the faces hidden
behind the numbers 4 and 6 respectively [in fig. (i)]. Thus, the
combined figure will have 3 on RHS face (i.e. face II), 4 on the
Front face (i.e. face I), 6 on the Top face (i.e. face V), 5 on the
Rear face (i.e. face III) and 2 on the Bottom face (i.e. face VI).
Clearly, when 2 is at the bottom; then 6 is at the top.
11. Students applying for hostel rooms are allotted rooms in order
of seniority. Students already staying in a room will move if
they get a room in their preferred list. Preferences of lower
ranked applicants are ignored during allocation.
Given the data below, which room will Ajit stay in?

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Names Student Current Room

Seniority Room preference list

Amar 1 P R.S.Q

Akbar 2 None R.S

Anthony 3 Q p

Ajit 4 S Q.P.R

a) P

b) Q

c) R

d) S

Answer: (b)

Solution:

From given table, according to their preference Room ‘R’ is

preferred by Amar, Akbar and Ajit but Amar is senior so, room

‘R’ is for Amar and from the preference list Akbar is

compulsory stay in room ‘S’ only, Anthony is preferred only

one room ‘P’ only so, P is for Anthony.
∴ The room for Ajit is ‘Q’

Persons Room to be allotted

Amar R

Akbar S

Anthony P

Ajit Q

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12. What will be the total weight of 10 poles, each of the same
weight?
Statements:
I. One-fourth of the weight of each pole is 5 kg.
II. The total weight of three poles is 20 kilograms more than the
total weight of two poles.
A. I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient
B. II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient
C. Either I or II is sufficient
D. Neither I nor II is sufficient
E. Both I and II are sufficient
Answer: (c)
Solution:
From I, we conclude that weight of each pole = (4 × 5) kg = 20
kg.
So, total weight of 10 poles = (20 × 10) kg = 200 kg.
From II, we conclude that:
Weight of each pole = (weight of 3 poles) – (weight of 2 poles)
= 20 kg.
So, total weight of 10 poles = (20 × 10) kg = 200 kg.

13. The town of Paranda is located on Green Lake. The town of
Akram is west of Paranda. Tokhada is east of Akram but west of
Paranda. Kakran is east of Bopri but west of Tokhada and
Akram. If they are all in the same district, which town is the
farthest west?

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a) Paranda
b) Kakran
c) Akram
d) Bopri
Answer: (d)
Solution:
The town of Akram (A) is west of Paranda (P) means A, P.
Tokhada (T) is east of Akram but west of Paranda means A, T,
P. Kakran (K) is east of Bopri (B) but west of Tokhada and
Akram means B, K, A, T. Combining all the arrangements, we
get the sequence as B, K, A, T, P. So, farthest west is Bopri.
14. QLR, JPD, RNU, GNC, SPX, DLB, __
a) ARE
b) AJA
c) BTU
d) TRA
Answer: (d)
Solution:
The alternate groups are in different series.
QLR, RNU, SPX are in one series. Pattern for the first letter:
Q+1, R+1, S+1, T
Pattern for the second letter: L+2, N+2, P+2, R
Pattern for the third letter: R+3, U+3, X+3, A
Hence, the next group in the series is TRA.

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15. The bar graph below shows the output of five carpenters over
one month, each of whom made different items of furniture:
chairs, tables and beds.

Consider the following statements
i. The number of beds made by carpenter C2 is exactly the same
as the number of tables made by carpenter C3.
ii. The total number of chairs made by all carpenters is less than
the total number of tables
Which one of the following is true?
a) Only i
b) only ii
c) Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
Answer: (c)
Solution:
From the given bar graph,
(i) The number of beds made carpenter

C2 = The number tables made by carpenter

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C3
8 Nos = 8 Nos

∴ Statement (i) is true
(ii) The total number of chairs made by all carpenters

= C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 + C5
= 2 + 10 + 5 + 2 + 4 = 23 Nos
The total numbers of tables made by all carpenters
= C1 + C2 + C3 + C4 + C5
= 7 + 2 + 8 + 3 + 9 = 29 Nos
23 Nos < 29 Nos
∴ Statements (ii) is also true
∴ Both the statements (i) and (ii) are true
16. “In the ensuing Panchayat polls, either OP Dhankar will get a
massive mandate or dissidence in Haryana BJP intensify”. This
is a True statement.
Which of following is not correct?
a) OP Dhankar got a massive mandate but dissidence in
Haryana BJP intensified.
b) Dissidence in Haryana BJP actually faded out.
c) OP Dhankar did not get a massive mandate in Panchayat
polls.
d) Panchayat polls did not throw up clear results.
Answer: (a)

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17. Statements:
All bags are cakes.
All lamps are cakes.
Conclusions:
I. Some lamps are bags.
II. No lamp is bag.
a) Only conclusion I follows
b) Only conclusion II follows
c) Either I or II follows
d) Neither I nor II follows
e) Both I and II follow
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Since the middle term 'cakes' is not distributed even once in the
premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II
involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair.
So, either I or II follows.

18. The old concert hall was demolished because of fears that the
foundation would be affected by the construction of the new
metro line in the area. Modern technology for underground
metro construction tried to mitigate the impact of pressurized air
pockets created by the excavation of large amounts of soil. But
even with these safeguards, it was feared that the soil below the
concert hall would not be stable.
From this, one can infer that

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a) The foundation of old buildings creates pressurized air
pockets underground, which are difficult to handle during
metro construction.

b) Metro construction has to be done carefully considering its
impact on the foundations of existing buildings

c) Old buildings in an area form an impossible hurdle to metro
construction in that area

d) Pressurized air can be used to excavate large amounts of soil
from underground areas.

Answer: (b)
19. Reentry occurs when a person leaves his or her social system

for a period of time and then returns. Which situation below best
describes Reentry?
a) When he is offered a better paying position, Jacob leaves the

restaurant he manages to manage a new restaurant on the
other side of town.
b) Catherine is spending her junior year of college studying
abroad in France.
c) Malcolm is readjusting to civilian life after two years of
overseas military service.
d) After several miserable months, Sharon decides that she can
no longer share an apartment with her roommate Hilary.
Answer: (c)

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Solution:
Malcolm is the only person returning to a social system that he
has been away from for an extended period of time.
20. 324 : 342 :: 196 : __
a) 218
b) 210
c) 222
d) 234
e) 221
Answer: (b)
Solution:
324 : 342 :: 196 : __
The given numbers can be written as n2 : n2 + n
324 = (18)2 and 324 + 18 = 342 Similarly, 196 = (14)2 and
196 + 14 = 210 is the next number.
21. P, Q, R, S, T and U are seated around a circular table, R is
seated two places to the right of Q, P is seated three places to the
left of R.S is seated opposite U. If p and U now switch seats,
which of the following must necessarily be true?
a) P is immediately to the right of R
b) T is immediately to the left of P
c) T is immediately to the left of P or P is immediately to the

right of Q
d) U is immediately to the right of R or P is immediately to the

left of T

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Answer: (c)
Solution:
From the given data, all are seated around a circular table as
follows
P Q- R
S is opposite to U

P and U are switch seated means, they are interchange their
places

In option (c), before interchange T is immediately to the left of
P and After interchange P is immediately to the right of Q
∴ Option ‘C’ is correct
22. 42 40 38 35 33 31 28
a) 25 22
b) 26 23
c) 26 24
d) 25 23
e) 26 22
Answer: (c)

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Solution:
This is an alternating subtraction series in which 2 is subtracted
twice, then 3 is subtracted once, then 2 is subtracted twice, and
so on
23. 6, 9, 15, 21, 24, 28, 30 Find the odd man out.
a) 28
b) 21
c) 24
d) 30
Answer: (a)
Solution:

Each of the numbers except 28, is a multiple of 3.
24. Directions: Each of the following question consists of a

statement followed by two arguments I and II. You have to
decide which of the arguments is a STRONG argument is and
which is a WEAK Argument is.
Statement: Should new universities be established in India?
Arguments:
I. No. We have still not achieved the target for literacy.
II. No. We will have to face the problem of unemployed but
highly qualified people.
a) Only argument I is strong.
b) Only Argument II is strong.
c) Either I or II is strong.
d) Both I and II are strong.

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Answer: (d)
Solution:
Clearly, instead of improving upon higher education, increasing
the literacy rate should be heeded first. So, argument I holds.
Also, more number of universities will produce more degree
holders with the number of jobs remaining the same, thus
increasing unemployment. So, argument II also holds strong.
25. A map shows the elevation of Darjeeling, Gangtok,
Kalimpong, Pelling, and Siliguri, Kalimpong is at a lower
elevation than Gangtok. Pelling is at a lower elevation than
Gangtok. Pelling is at a higher elevation than siliguri. Darjeeling
is at a higher elevation than Gangtok. Which of the following
statements can be inferred from the paragraph above?
i. Pelling is at a higher elevation than Kalimpong
ii. Kalimpong is at a lower elevation than Darjeeling
iii. Kalimpong is at a higher elevation than Siliguri
iv. Siliguri is at lower elevation than Gangtok
a) Only ii
b) Only ii and iii
c) Only ii and iv
d) Only iii and iv
Answer: (c)

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26. Conclusions:
All leaves are flowers is a possibility.
No leaf is root
Statements:
Statements - 1: No tree is flower. Some plants are flowers. All
roots are leaves. No leaf is flower
Statements - 2: All trees are flowers. Some plants are flowers.
All roots are plants. No leaf is plant
Statements - 3: Some trees are flowers. Some plants are flowers.
All roots are leaves. No leaf is plant
Statements - 4: All trees are flowers. Some plants are flowers.
All roots are plants. No leaf is flower
Statements - 5: All trees are flowers. Some plants are flowers.
All roots are leaves. No leaf is plant
a) Only Statements - 1
b) Only Statements - 2
c) Only Statements - 3
d) Only Statements - 4
e) Only Statements - 5
Answer: (b)
Solution:

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27. Conclusions:
All rooms being table is a possibility.
No room is a chair
Statements:
Statements - 1: All rooms are fans. No fan is table. Some chairs
are tables. Some tables are vans
Statements - 2: No rooms is table. No fan is a chair. Some chairs
are fans. Some tables are vans
Statements - 3: All rooms are fans. All fans are chairs. Some
chairs are tables. Some tables are vans
Statements - 4: All rooms are fans. No fan is a chair. All chairs
are tables. Some tables are vans
Statements - 5: All rooms are fans. All fans are chairs. All chairs
are tables. Some tables are vans
a) Only Statements - 1
b) Only Statements - 2
c) Only Statements - 3
d) Only Statements - 4
Answer: (d)
Solution:

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28. Rajan is sixth from the left end and Vinay is tenth from the
right end in a row of boys. If there are eight boys between Rajan
and Vinay, how many boys are there in the row?
a) 24
b) 26
c) 23
d) 25
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Number of boys in the row = (6 + 10 + 8)
= 24

29. Bhaichung was observing the pattern of people entering and
leaving a car service centre. There was a single window where
customers were being served. He saw that people inevitably
came out of the centre in the order that they went in. However,
the time they spent inside seemed to vary a lot: Some people
came out in a matter of minutes while for others it took much
longer.
From this, what can one conclude?
a) The centre operates on a first-come _ first-served basis, but
with variable service times, depending on specific customer
needs.
b) Customers were served in an arbitrary order, since they took
varying amounts of time for service completion in the centre.

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c) Since some people came out within a few minutes of entering
the centre, the system is likely to operate on a last_ come-
first-served basis.

d) Entering the centre early ensured that one would have shorter
service times and most people attempted to do this.

Answer: (a)
Solution:
The key sentence is “the order that they went in”
30. Which one of the following Venn diagrams correctly illustrates
the relationship among the classes:
Thieves, Criminals, Lawyers
a)

b)

c)

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d)
Answer: (d)
Solution:
All thieves are criminals. But lawyers are entirely different.

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