Logical Reasoning Test - 4 - PDF Flipbook

Logical Reasoning Test - 4

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GATE
CSE

Logical
Reasoning

Test-04Solutions


LOGICAL REASONING
1. H, V, G, T, F, R, E, P?

a) K, L
b) D, N
c) C, D
d) L, K
Answer: (b)
Solution:
There are two series H, G, F, E, D, C and V, T, R, P, N, L. The
first has no gap but the second has a gap of one letter in
descending order.
2. If the letters in the word UNDERTAKING are rearranged in the
alphabetical order, which one will be in the middle in the order
after rearrangement?
a) I
b) N
c) K
d) G
Answer: (c)
3. P through V are seven persons sitting around a circular table. V
is sitting to the left of P, who is sitting to the left of S. V is
sitting to the right of U. R is sitting between T and U. Who is
sitting to the right of Q?
a) U
b) T

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c) S
d) P
Answer: (b)
Solution:
V is sitting to the left of P, who is sitting to the left of S.

V is sitting to the right of U. R is sitting between T and V.
Therefore, the final arrangement as follows.

T is sitting to the right of Q.
4. A's mother's son's only sister is B. How is A related to C, if B is

the mother of C's daughter?
a) Brother
b) Brother-in-law
c) Uncle
d) Nephew
Answer: (b)

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Solution:
A's mother's son's only sister is B means B is A's sister. B is the
mother of C's daughter means C is B's husband. C is B's
husband and B is A's sister means A is the brother-in-law of C.
5. Moving into a world of big data will require us to change our
thinking about the merits of exactitude. To apply the
conventional mindset of measurement to the digital, connected
world of the twenty-first century is to miss a crucial point. As
mentioned earlier, the obsession with exactness is an artefact of
the information-deprived analog era. When data was sparse,
every data point was critical, and thus great care was taken to
avoid letting any point bias the analysis.
From "BIG DATA" Viktor Mayer Schonberger and Kenneth
Cukier
The main point of the paragraph is:
a) The twenty-first century is a digital world.
b) Big data is obsessed with exactness
c) Exactitude is not critical in dealing with big data
d) Sparse data leads to a bias in the analysis
Answer: (c)
Solution:
A. It is a general statement of twenty first century but the

paragraph’s main point is the merits of exactitude.
B. Big data changes our thinking. Contradicting the statement.
C. It is the right answer. This is the main point of the agreement.

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D. This is not main point of the argument. It is partial
information.

6. Direction: Two statements I and II are given. These statements
may be either independent causes or may be effects of
independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements
may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the
statements and decide which of the following answer choice
correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer:
I. Large number of people living in the low-lying areas has been
evacuated during the last few days to safer places.
II. The Government has rushed in relief supplies to the people
living in the affected areas.
a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
b) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes
d) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common
cause
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Evacuating low-lying areas and rushing in relief to the affected
areas clearly indicates that floods have occurred in the area.

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7. Statements: L + N, J – P, P + L
Conclusions:
I. J = L
II. P = N
Answer: (d)
Solution:
L Š N (i); J Š P (ii); P Š L (iii)
Neither nor follows

8. The total exports and revenues from the exports of a country are
given in the two pie charts below. The pie chart for exports
shows the quantity of each item as a percentage of the total
quantity of exports. The pie chart for the revenues shows the
percentage of the total revenue generated through export of each
item. The total quality of exports of all the items is 5 lakh tonnes
and the total revenues are 250crore rupees. What is the ratio of
the revenue generated through export of Item 1 per kilogram to
the revenue generated through export of Item 4 per kilogram?

a) 1: 2
b) 2: 1
c) 1: 4

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d) 4: 1

Answer: (d)

Solution:

Revenue generated through export of item per kilogram =

Total Revenue from item
Export of the item

Ratio of the revenue generated per kg through export of

Item 1 Item 4

12% of 250 Crores ∶ 6% of 250 Crores
11% of 5 lakh tonnes 22% of 5 lakh tonnes

12 ∶ 6 ⇒ 4 : 1
11 12

9. If ROSE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456 and

PREACH is coded as 961473, what will be the code for

SEARCH?

a) 246173

b) 214673

c) 214763

d) 216473

Answer: (b)

Solution:

The alphabets are coded as shown:

ROS E CHAI P

682173459

So, in SEARCH,

S is coded as 2,

E as 1,

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A as 4,
R as 6,
C as 7,
H as 3
Thus, the code for SEARCH is 214673.
10. Two positions of a dice are shown below: When 2 is at the
bottom, what number will be at the top?
a) 6
b) 4
c) 1
d) 5
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Number 3 is common to both the figures (i) and (ii). The dice in
fig. (ii) is assumed to be rotated so that 3 remains on the FR-RH
face (i.e. face I as per activity 1) and the numbers 5 and 2 move
to the faces hidden behind the numbers 6 and 1 respectively [in
fig. (i)]. Thus, the combined figure will have 3 on FR-RH face
(i.e. face I), 5 on RR-RH face (i.e. face II), 2 on Bottom face
(i.e. face VI), 1 on the Top face (i.e. face V) and 6 on FR-LH
face (i.e. face IV). Clearly, 2 lies opposite
Hence, when 2 is at the bottom, then 1 will be at the top.

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11. X is 1km northeast of Y. Y is 1 km southeast of Z. W is 1 km
west of Z. P is 1 km south of W. Q is 1 km east of P. What is the
distance between X and Q in km?
a) 1
b) √2
c) √3
d) 2
Answer: (c)
Solution:
In general directions are mainly four types

According to directions from given data, arranged as follows

Cos 45o = a
1

a = 1 × cos 45o = 1 × 1 = 1
√2 √2

Distance between Z and X

= 1 + 1 = 2 = √2
√2 √2 √2

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Distance between Z and X

= �(QZ)2 + (ZX)2 = �(1)2 + �√2�2 = √3

12. In which year was Rahul born?
Statements:
I. Rahul at present is 25 years younger to his mother.
II. Rahul's brother, who was born in 1964, is 35 years younger
to his mother.
a) I alone is sufficient while II alone is not sufficient
b) II alone is sufficient while I alone is not sufficient
c) Either I or II is sufficient
d) Both I and II are sufficient
Answer: (d)
Solution:
From both I and II, we find that Rahul is (35 - 25) = 10 years
older than his brother, who was born in 1964. So, Rahul was
born in 1954.

13. P, Q, R and S are playing a game of carom. P, R and S, Q are
partners. S is to the right of R who is facing west, then Q is
facing?
a) North
b) South
c) East
d) West
Answer: (a)

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Solution:
As per the data, D faces North. A faces towards West. So, its
partner B will face towards and hence towards East. So, C who
will face D will face towards South

14. BEP, CIQ, DOR, FUS, GAT, __
a) HEV
b) HIT
c) IET
d) IEU
Answer: (a)
Solution:
The given series is a mixed series.
Pattern for the first letter:
Consecutive consonants starting with B. Next letter in that series
is H.
Pattern for the second letter: Consecutive vowels starting with
E. The next letter in that series is E. Pattern for the third letter:
Consecutive consonants starting with V.
Hence, the next group in the series is HEV.

10


15. The head of a newly formed government desires to appoint five

of the six selected members P, Q, R, S, T and U to portfolios of

Home, Power, Defense, Telecom, and Finance. U does not want

any portfolio if S gets one of the five. R wants either Home or

Finance or no portfolio. Q says that if S gets either Power or

Telecom, then she must get the other one. T insists on a

portfolio if p gets one.

Which is the valid distribution of portfolios?

a) P-Home, Q-Power, R-Defense, S-telecom, T-Finance

b) R-Home, S-Power, P-Defense, Q-Telecom, T-Finance

c) P-Home, Q-Power, T-Defense, S-Telecom, U-Finance

d) Q-Home, U-Power, T-Defense, R-Telecom, P-Finance

Answer: (b)

Solution:

From the given data, the following table is possible.

Persons Portfolio’s

P Defense

Q Telecom

R Either Home or Finance or No Home

S Either Power or Telecom Power

T Finance

U No

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16. “In the last T 20 Series, Virat Kohli was in great form and India
won the match” is a true statement. Which of the following
conclusion is correct?
a) If Virat Kohli were not in great form in the last ODI India
would not have own.
b) In the last T 20 Series Virat Kohli was in great form.
c) India did not win the match.
d) India won the series.
Answer: (b)

17. Should religion be banned?
Arguments:
1. Yes. It develops fanaticism in people
2. No. Religion binds people together
a) Only 1 is true
b) Only 2 is true
c) Either 1 or 2 is true
d) Neither 1 nor 2 is true
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Religion binds the people together with the name of god. But at
the same time it may create differences and ill-will among
people.

12


18. Read the following table giving sales data of five types of

batteries for years 2006 to 2012:

Year Type I Type II Type III Type IV Type V

2006 75 144 114 102 108

2007 90 126 102 84 126

2008 96 114 75 105 135

2009 105 90 150 90 75

2010 90 75 135 75 90

2011 105 60 165 45 120

2012 115 85 160 100 145

Out of the following which type of battery achieved highest

growth between the years 2006 and20l2?

a) Type V

b) Type III

c) Type II

d) Type I

Answer: (d)

Solution:

Sales data of five types of batteries for years 2006 to 2012. It

clearly says that, there is a growth in sales in Type-I, Type-III &

Type V only.

→ Increase in batteries between the years 2006 & 2012

Type - I ⇒ 115−75 × 100 = 53%
75

Type - II ⇒ 160−114 × 100 = 40%
114

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Type - I ⇒ 145−108 × 100 = 34.25%
108

Hence the Type-1 Growth is highest.

19. A Guarantee is a promise or assurance that attests to the quality

of a product that is either (1) given in writing by the

manufacturer or (2) given verbally by the person selling the

product. Which situation below is the best example of a

Guarantee?

a) Melissa purchases a DVD player with the highest consumer

ratings in its category.

b) The salesperson advises Curt to be sure that he buys an air

conditioner with a guarantee.

c) The local auto body shop specializes in refurbishing and

selling used cars.

d) Lori buys a used digital camera from her coworker who says

that she will refund Lori’s money if the camera’s

performance is not of the highest quality.

Answer: (d)

Solution:

Choices a, b, and c do not describe situations in which a product

is guaranteed. Only choice d reflects a situation in which a seller

attests to the quality of a product by giving the buyer a promise

or assurance about its quality.

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20. 143 : 221 :: 437 : __
a) 629
b) 667
c) 713
d) 693
Answer: (b)
Solution:
143 : 221 :: 437 : __
11 × 13 : 13 × 17 :: 19 × 23 : 23 × 29. The given numbers can
be written as products of consecutive prime numbers.
Hence, 23 × 29 = 667 is the next number.

21. There are 16 teachers who can teach Thermodynamics (TD), 11
who can teach Electrical Sciences (ES), and 5 who can teach
both TD and Engineering Mechanics (EM). There are a total of
40 teachers. 6 cannot teach any of the three subjects, i.e. EM, ES
or TD. 6 can teach only ES. 4 can teach all three subjects, i.e.
EM, ES and TD. 4 can teach ES and TD. How many can teach
both ES and EM but not TD?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Answer: (a0
Solution:
From the given data the following diagram is possible.

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22. 10 20 25 35 40 50 55
a) 70 65
b) 60 70
c) 60 75
d) 65 70
Answer: (d)
Solution:
This is an alternating addition series, in which 10 is added, then
5, then 10, and so on.

23. 396, 462, 572, 427, 671, 264 Find the odd man out.
a) 396
b) 427
c) 671
d) 264
Answer: (b)
Solution:
In each number except 427, the middle digit is the sum of other
two.

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24. Directions: Each of the following question consists of a
statement followed by two arguments I and II. You have to
decide which of the arguments is a STRONG argument is and
which is a WEAK Argument is.
Statement: Should Doordarshan be given autonomous status?
Arguments:
I. Yes. It will help Doordarshan to have fair and impartial
coverage of all-important events.
II. No. The coverage of events will be decided by a few who
may not have healthy outlook.
a) Only argument I is strong.
b) Only Argument II is strong.
c) Either I or II is strong.
d) Neither I nor II is strong.
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Clearly, the autonomous status of the Doordarshan will be a step
towards giving it independence for an impartial coverage.
Autonomous status does not mean that the coverage will be
decided by a few. So, only argument I holds.

25. A shaving set company sells 4 different types of razors,
Elegance, Smooth, Soft and Executive. Elegance sells at Rs. 48,
Smooth at Rs. 63, Soft at Rs. 78 and Executive at Rs. 173 per
piece. The table below shows the numbers of each razor sold in
each quarter of a year.

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Quarter/Product Elegance Smooth Soft Executive
Q1 27300 20009 17602 9999
Q2 25222 19392 18445 8942
Q3 28976 22429 19544 10234
Q4 21012 18229 16595 10109

Which product contributes the greatest fraction to the revenue of
the company in that year?
a) Elegance
b) Executive
c) Smooth
d) Soft
Answer: (b)
Solution:

Elegance Smooth Soft Executive
27300 20009 17602 9999
25222 19392 18445 8942
28976 22429 19544 10234
21012 18229 16595 10109
102510 80059 72186 32984
Rs.48 Rs.63 Rs.78 Rs.173

Total Revenue
102510 × 48 = 4920480
80059 × 63 = 5043717
72186 × 78 = 5630508
39284 × 173 = 6796132

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26. Conclusions:
Some hills are rivers
Some mountains can be hills
Statements:
1: All Mountains are rivers. No river is hill. Some hills are
roads. No road is a way
2: All Mountains are rivers. No mountain is hill. Some hills are
roads. No road is a way
3: All Mountains are rivers. No river is hill. No mountain is hill.
No road is a way
4: All Mountains are rivers. No river is hill. Some hills are
roads. All roads are way
5: All Mountains are rivers. Some rivers are hills. Some hills are
roads. No road is a way
a) Only Statements - 1
b) Only Statements - 2
c) Only Statements - 3
d) Only Statements – 5
Answer: (d)
Solution:

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27. Conclusions:
No note is a bag
Some pencils are bags.
Statements:
1: No note is book. No book is a bag. Some bags are pencils.
2: All notes are books. All books are bag. No bag is pencil.
3: All notes are books. No book is a bag. Some bags are pencils.
4: All notes are books. No book is a bag. No bag is pencil.
5: All notes are books. All books are bag. Some bags are
pencils.
a) Only Statements - 1
b) Only Statements - 2
c) Only Statements - 3
d) Only Statements – 4
Answer: (c)
Solution:

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28. The positions of the first and sixth digits in the number
5109238674 are interchanged. Similarly, the positions of the
second and the seventh digits are interchanged and so on. Which
of the following will be the third digit from the right end after
the after the rearrangement?
a) 9
b) 0
c) 6
d) 3
Answer: (b)
Solution:
There are 10 digits. Now, third digit from the right means (10 –
3 + 1 = 8) 8th digit from the left. But, from the question, third
and eighth digits are interchanged. Hence, the required digit is
the third digit of the given number, i.e. 0.

29. Consider the following statements relating to the level of poker
play of four players P, Q, R and S.
I. P always beats Q
II. R always beats S
III. S loses to P only sometimes
IV. R always loses to Q
Which of the following can be logically inferred from the above
statements?
(i) P is likely to beat all the three other players
(ii) S is the absolute worst player in the set

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a) (i) only
b) (ii) only
c) (i) and (ii)
d) neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer: (d)
Solution:
From the given data
Player P > Player Q
Player R > Player S
Player S < Player P
Player R < Player Q
∴ Player P > Player Q > Player R > Player S
∴ Logically, the statement (i) is true, but statement (ii) is not.
30. Which one of the following Venn diagrams correctly illustrates
the relationship among the classes?
Engineer, Doctor, People
a)

b) K

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c)
d)
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Both engineer and doctor are people. But, both of them are
different from each other.

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