Logical Reasoning Test - 1 - PDF Flipbook

Logical Reasoning Test - 1

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GATE
CSE

Logical
Reasoning

Test-01Solutions


LOGICAL REASONING
1. CWE, FQH, RDI?

a) XBZ
b) TUG
c) MCO
d) FUT
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Add the alphabetic numerical value of each letter in the group
and then sum up the unit and tens which is equal to four
everywhere, i.e., CWE = 3 + 23 + 5 = 31 which is equal to 3 + 1
= 4, FQH = 6 + 17 + 8 = 31 (3 + 1) = 4 and so on
2. If it is to make meaningful word from the first, the fourth, the
eight, the tenth and the thirteenth letters of the word
ESTABLISHMENT, using each letter only once, and the last
letter of that word is your answer. If more than one such word
can be formed write 'P' as your answer and if no such word can
be formed write 'X' as your answer.
a) X
b) P
c) T
d) E
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Here specified letters are: E, A, S, M. Words formed from these
letters are as follows: (A) STEAM (B) MATES (C) TEAMS

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3. Four couples sit around a circular table in a party. Every
husband sits to the right of his wife. P, Q, R and S are husbands
and T, U, V and Ware wives. Q - U and R - V are two married
couples. S does not sit next to V. T sits to the left of P, who sits
opposite S.
Q sits between ______.
a) U and V
b) T and U
c) U and S
d) W and T
Answer: (b)
Solution:
As T sits to the left of P who is sitting opposite S, we get the
following arrangement

From the above it is clear that P is T's husband.
⇒ S is W's husband.
V does not sit next to S. So V has to sit to the right of P. So Q
and U will be sitting between S and T. Therefore, the final
arrangement is as follows.

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Q sits between U and T.
4. How is Ravi's mother's father's son related to Ravi's father?

a) cousin
b) uncle
c) brother-in-law
d) son-in-law
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Ravi's mother's father's son is Ravi's mother's brother i.e. Ravi's
uncle. Ravi's uncle is Ravi's father's brother-in-law.
5. 25 persons are in a room 15 of them play hockey 17 of them
play football and 10 of them play both hockey and football.
Then the number of persons playing neither hockey nor football
is:
a) 2
b) 17
c) 13
d) 3
Answer: (d)

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Solution:

For above the logical Venn diagram shows as follows
Total No. of players [= hockey only + football only both hockey
and football = 5 + 10 + 7 = 22
Total number of persions = 25
Neither hockey nor football players = total number of persions -
total number of players = 25 – 22 = 3
6. Direction: Two statements I and II are given. These statements
may be either independent causes or may be effects of
independent causes or a common cause. One of these statements
may be the effect of the other statements. Read both the
statements and decide which of the following answer choice
correctly depicts the relationship between these two statements.
Mark answer:

I. The Government has imported large quantities of sugar as
per trade agreement with other countries.

II. The prices of sugar in the domestic market have fallen
sharply in the recent months.

a) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
b) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
c) Both the statements I and II are independent causes
d) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes

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Answer: (a)
Solution:
The increase in supply always triggers a reduction in the prices.
7. Statements: P @ Q, L @ M, P # L
Conclusions:

I. Q # M
II. M $ P
a) if only conclusion II is true,
b) if either I or II is true,
c) if neither 1 nor II is true, and
d) if both I and II are true.
Answer: (d)
Solution:
P = Q, L = M, P > L = Q > M and M < P
8. If ROAD is written as URDG, then SWAN should be written as:
a) VXDQ
b) VZDQ
c) VZDP
d) UXDQ
Answer: (b)
Solution:
Each letter of the world is two step ahead of the corresponding
letter of the code.

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So, S is coded as V, W as Z as D, and N as Q
i.e SWAN is code as VZDQ.
9. If in a certain language, COUNSEL is coded as BITIRAK, how
is GUIDANCE written in that code?
a) EOHYZKBB
b) FOHYZJBB
c) FPHZZKAB
d) HOHYBJBA
Answer: (b)
Solution:
The letters at odd positions are each moved one step backward,
while the letters at even positions are respectively moved six,
five, four, three, two... steps backward to obtain the
corresponding letters of the code.
10. Two positions of a block are given below. When 1 is at the top,
which number will be at the bottom?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 6
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Number 2 is common to the two positions of the dice. We
assume the dice in fig. (ii) to be rotated so that 2 remains on the
top face (i.e. face V as per activity 1) and the numbers 3 and 6

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move to the faces hidden behind 5 and 1 respectively [in fig.
(i)]. Then, clearly, 5 lies opposite 3 and 6 lies opposite 1. Hence,
when 1 is at the top, then 6 will be at the bottom.
11. The exports and imports (in crores of Rs.) of a country from the
year 2000 to 2007 arc given in the following bar chart. In which
year is the combined percentage increase in imports and exports
the highest?

Answer: (d)
Solution:
From the given chart combined value of exports and imports are
in crores of Rs:

Combined percentage increases in Exports and imports are in

the years

2000 to 2001 → 110 − 90×100 ⟹ 222.22%
90

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2002 to 2003 → 130−110 × 100 ⟹ 18.18%
110

2003 to 2004 → 150−130 × 100 ⟹ NIL
130

2003 to 2004 → 150−130 × 100 ⟹15.38%
130

2004 to 2005 → 160−150 × 100 ⟹ 6.66%
150

2005 to 2006 → 220−160 × 100 ⟹ 37.5%
160

2006 to 2007 → 230−220 × 100 ⟹ 4.54 %
220

The combined percentage increased in export and import is

highest in the year 2006

12. How is Rakesh related to Keshav?

I. Tapan's wife Nisha is paternal aunt of Keshav.

II. Rakesh is the brother of a friend of Nisha.

a) if the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the

question;

b) if the data in statement II alone are sufficient answer the

question;

c) if the data either in I or II alone are sufficient to answer the

question;

d) if the data even in both the statements together are not

sufficient to answer the question;

Answer: (d)

Solution:

Clearly, both the statements together are not sufficient to answer

the question.

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13. There are four towns P, Q, R and T. Q is to the south-west of P,
R is to the east of Q and south-east of P, and T is to the north of
R in line with QP. In which direction of P is T located?
a) South-east
b) North
c) North-east
d) East
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Clearly, the arrangement according to the given directions is an
shown, so, T lies to the north-east of P.

14. BY, CX, EV, GT, KP, ____
a) JQ
b) MN
c) PK
d) LO
Answer: (b)
Solution:
BY, CX, EV, GT, KP, _____
The given series is a mixed series. The letters B, C, G and K are
the letters in prime value positions. Hence, the next letter is M.
The second letters in each group form an opposite pair of the

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first letter in that group. Hence, the next pair in the series is
MN.
15. A Mr. Vivek walk 6 meters North-east, then turns and walks 6
meters South-east, both at 60 degrees to east. He further moves
2 meters South and 4 meters West. What is the straight distance
in metres between the point he started from and the point he
finally reached?
a) 2√2
b) 2
c) √2
d) 1/√2
Answer: (a)
Solution:
From the gen data, the following diagram is possible.

Sin450 = 2


X= 2 = 2 × √2

1

√2

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16. Examine the following statements:
I. I listen to the radio only if I am bored.
II. I am never bored when I have my sister’s company.

III. Whenever I go for shopping I take my sister along.
Which one of the following conclusions can be drawn from the
above statements?
a) If I am bored I listen to the radio.
b) If I am bored, I seek my sister’s company.
c) If I am not with my sister, then I’ll listen to the radio.
d) If I am not bored I do not listen to the radio.
Answer: (d)
17. Should the railways in India be privatized in a phased manner
like other public sector enterprises?
Arguments:
1. Yes. This is the only way to bring in competitiveness and

provide better services
2. No. It leads to wastage of resources
a) Only 1 is true
b) Only 2 is true
c) Either 1 or 2 is true
d) Neither 1 nor 2 is true
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Privatization would no doubt lead to better services. But saying
that 'this is the only ' is wrong.

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18. A cube is built using 64 cubic blocks of side one unit. After it
is built, one cubic block is removed from every corner of the
cube. The resulting surface area of the body (in square units)
after the removal is ____.
a) 56
b) 64
c) 72
d) 96
Answer: (d)
Solution:

From given data 64 cubic blocks of one unit
Size or formed
No of faces if the cube is ‘6’
Number of the corners in cube is ‘8’
After removing one cubic block from each corner,
The resulting surface area of the body = 6× (4) = 96 sq. Units.
19. Violating an Apartment Lease occurs when a tenant does
something prohibited by the legally binding document that he or
she has signed with a landlord. Which situation below is the best
example of violating an Apartment Lease?

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a) Tim has decided to move to another city, so he calls his
landlord to tell him that he is not interested in renewing his
lease when it expires next month.

b) Valerie recently lost her job and, for the last three months,
has neglected to pay her landlord the monthly rent they
agreed upon in writing when she moved into her apartment
eight months ago.

c) Mark writes a letter to his landlord that lists numerous
complaints about the apartment he has agreed to rent for two
years.

d) Leslie thinks that her landlord is neglecting the building in
which she rents an apartment. She calls her attorney to ask for
advice.

Answer: (d)
Solution:
Valerie signed a legally binding document that requires her to
pay a monthly rent for her apartment and she has failed to do
this for the last three months. Therefore, she has violated her
apartment lease
20. 512 : 504 :: 1728 : ____
a) 1728
b) 1716
c) 1718
d) 1724
Answer: (b)

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Solution:
512: 504:: 1728: ____
(8)3 : (8)3 – 8 :: (12)3 : (12)3 – 12
Hence number, 1728 – 12 = 1716 is the next number
21. Consider the following sentences.
All benches are beds. No bed is a bulb. Some
bulbs are lamps.
Which of the following can be inferred?
i. some beds are lamps
ii. some lamps are beds
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c) Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii
Answer: (d)
Solution:
From the given statements, the following Venn diagrams are
possible

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Given conclusions (i) and (ii) are not possible from the above
diagrams, so option (D) is correct.
22. 4 8 22 12 16 22 20 24
a) 28 32
b) 28 22
c) 22 28
d) 32 36
Answer: (c)
Solution:
This is an alternating repetition series, with a random number,
22, interpolated as every third number into an otherwise simple
addition series. In the addition series, 4 is added to each number
to arrive at the next number.
23. 3, 5, 11, 14, 17, 21 Find the odd man out.
a) 21
b) 17
c) 14
d) 3
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Each of the numbers except 14 is an odd number.
The number '14' is the only EVEN number.

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24. Directions: Each of the following questions consists of a
statement followed by two arguments I and II. You have to
decide which of the arguments is a STRONG argument is and
which is a WEAK Argument is.
Statement: Should the railways in India be privatized in a
phased manner like other public sector enterprises?
Arguments:
I. Yes. This is the only way to bring in competitiveness and
provide better services to the public.
II. No. This will pose a threat to the national security of our
country as multinationals will enter into the fray.
a) Only argument I is strong.
b) Only Argument II is strong.
c) Either I or II is strong.
d) Neither I nor II is strong.
Answer: (d)
Solution:
Privatization would no doubt lead to better services. But saying
that this is the 'only way' is wrong. So, argument I do not hold.
Argument II also seems to be vague.

25. Four cards lie on a table. Each card has a number printed on
one side and a colour on the other. The faces visible on the cards
are 2, 3, red, and blue. Proposition: If a card has an even value
on one side, then its opposite face is red. The cards which
MUST be turned over to verify the above proposition are

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a) 2, red
b) 2, 3, red
c) 2, blue
d) 2 red, blue
Answer: (c)
Solution:
Total number of cards = 4
Visible numbers on the cards = 2 and 3
Visible colors on the cards = red and blue
If numbers on the cards = 1, 2, 3, and 4 then
Possible colors are blue and red and blue and red respectively.
In order to verify the position, we have to turn to card 2 then
proposition; we have to turn to card 2 then opposite must be red
representatively.
In order to verify the preposition, we have to turn to card 2 then
opposite must be red in all options except ‘C’ 2 and red are
present
26. Conclusions:
All Donkeys being Tigers is a possibility
All Monkeys being Tigers is a possibility
Statements:
Statements – 1: All monkeys are Donkeys. No Donkey is Tiger.
All elephants are Tigers
Statements – 2: All monkeys are Donkeys. No Donkey is
elephant. All elephants are Tigers

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Statements – 3: Some monkeys are Donkeys. No Donkey is
Tiger. All elephants are Tigers
Statements – 4: No monkey is Tiger. No Donkey is elephant. All
elephants are Tigers
Answer: (b)
Solution:

27. Conclusions:
Some covers are pillows.
All sheets being cover is a possibility.
Statements:
Statements – 1: No pillow is cover. Some covers are bed. No
pillow is sheet.
Statements – 2: Some pillows are covers. Some covers are bed.
No Sheet is cover.
Statements – 3: All pillows are covers. Some covers are bed. No
pillow is sheet.
Statements – 4: Some pillows are covers. All covers are bed. No
Sheet is cover.
a) Only Statements – 1
b) Only Statements – 2

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c) Only Statements – 3
d) Only Statements – 4
Answer: (c)
Solution:

28. In a row of boys, if A who is 10th from the left and B who is 9th
from the right interchanges their positions, A becomes 15th from
the left. How many boys are there in the row?
a) 23
b) 31
c) 27
d) 28
Answer: (a)
Solution:
Clearly, A’s new position is 15th from the left. But this is the
same as B’s earlier position which is 9th from the right.

29. Hari (H), Gita (G), Irfan (I) and Saira (S) are siblings (i.e.
brothers and sisters). All were born on 1st January. The age
difference between any two successive siblings (that is born one
after another is less than 3 years.

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Given following facts:
(i) Hari's age + Gita's age > Irfan's age +Saira's age
(ii) The age difference between Gita and Saira is 1 year'

However, Gita is not the oldest and saira is not the youngest
(iii) There are no twins
In what order were they born (oldest first)?
a) HSIG
b) SGHI
c) IGSH
d) IHSG
Answer: (b)
Solution:
S-5 years
G-4 years
H-3 years
I-1 years
Assume, the age of Irfan is one year, Hari is 3 years, Githa is 4
years and saritha is 5 years
The age difference between all of them is not more than 3 years
Hari’s age + gita’s age = 3 + 4 = 7 years
Irfan + sarith’s age = 1 + 5 = 6 years
7 years > 6 years
The age difference between Gita and Saritha is 1 year
The order of the born from order of they born from oldest is
SGHI

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30. Which one of the following Venn diagrams correctly illustrates
the relationship among the classes:
Flowers, Cloths, White
a)

b)

c)

d)

Answer: (d)
Solution:
Some flowers are white. Some cloths are white. But, all white
things are not flowers or cloths.

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